Table 2. Clinical experiences with FLASH radiotherapy

Authors Cancer Design Population No. of patients Radiation source (energy, dose rate) Treatment Main outcomes
Bourhis et al. [15] Lymphoma Case report Multi-resistant CD30+ T-cell cutaneous lymphoma 1 Electrons (5.6 MeV, 166 Gy/s) 15 Gy in a single fraction - Follow-up of 5 months- Rapid, complete, and durable tumor response- Grade 1 epithelitis and edema- Intact epidermis and basal membrane- Limited increased vascularization
Gaide et al. [72] Lymphoma Case report Multi-resistant CD30+ T-cell cutaneous lymphoma 1 (2 sites) Electrons (5.6 MeV, 166 Gy/s) 15 Gy in a single fraction- Right elbow: 0.08 Gy/s- Left distal arm: 166 Gy/s - Follow-up of 2 years- Rapid, complete, and durable tumor response- Grade 1 acute epithelitis at both treated sites- Mild late radiodermatitis at both treated sites
Mascia et al. [73] Bone metastasis ProspectiveSingle armFeasibility study 1–3 symptomatic bone metastases in the extremities (except for the feet, hands, or wrists) 10 (12 sites) Protons (250 MeV, 51–61 Gy/s) 8 Gy in a single fraction - Median follow-up of 4.8 months (range, 2.3–13.0)- Average patient time on the treatment couch 18.9 minutes (range, 11–33)- No device-related treatment delays- Transient pain flares (2–9 days post-FLASH) in 4 of the 12 sites (33%)- Pain relief in 8 of the 12 sites (67%)- No pain in 6 of the 12 sites (50%)- No grade ≥3 FLASH-related toxicity