Primary rectal lymphoma is a rare disease among the gastrointestinal (GI) lymphoma. In particular, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) transformed from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is often the primary type of GI lymphoma, mostly in stomach or duodenum, but has never been reported in rectum. Here we report an unusual case in which a 75-year-old male patient diagnosed with DLBCL transformed from MALT lymphoma in the rectum. The patient was diagnosed as rectal DLBCL transformed from MALT lymphoma as Lugano stage II2 and was treated with chemotherapy (R-CHOP) with CD-20 monoclonal antibody (rituxaimb). Complete remission of multiple lymphadenopathy and mass forming ulcer of the rectum was achieved after 6 cycles of R-CHOP. He has been free from disease for 12 months.

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• Clinical Characteristics and Long-Term Prognosis of Colorectal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma According to the Endoscopic Classification and Treatment Modality: A Multicenter Study
  Seung Min Hong, Dong Hoon Baek, Geun Am Song, Hong Sub Lee, Seung Bum Lee, Ra Ri Cha, Tae-Oh Kim, Jae Hyun Kim, Jong Hoon Lee
  Cancers.2025; 17(5): 750.     CrossRef