To expand current knowledge on febrile seizures (FSs), the most common childhood seizure disorder, we investigated clinical features and risk factors of FS in the pediatric emergency department of a center in western Seoul.

Children with FS that visited the pediatric emergency room of the Ewha Womans University Medical Center from January to December 2014 were included in this study. A retrospective medical record review was conducted for a total of 404 seizure events relative to 265 patients.

A total of 150 boys and 115 girls were enrolled. Children presenting their first FSs were 70.9% (n=188). Average age of FS onset was 28.9 months. Family history was reported in 95 children (36.8%) with higher relevance of paternal inheritance (44.2%, n=42/95). More than half of the seizures (56.4%, n=228/404) occurred on the first day of fever. The most common cause of fever was upper respiratory tract infection (65.8%, n=266/404). Children attending a daycare center had higher incidence of multiple FS compared to those cared for at home. Approximately one third of seizure events (31.7%, n=128/404) were admission cases, mainly because of prolonged fever.

FS is a common neurologic disorder with relatively high admission rate among pediatric emergency department visits. Daycare attendance is associated with current increased incidence of multiple FS. Further study with long-term follow up is necessary to expand knowledge on improving clinical care strategy in FS.