Primary vesicoureteral reflux is a common genetically determined condition that is associated with varying degrees of renal scarring and represents one of the main causes of chronic kidney disease in children. Usually vesicoureteral reflux is common in urinary tract infection patient under 5 years of age. However, we report a rare case of high-grade vesicoureteral reflux and chronic kidney disease in a 10-year-old boy who was referred to the pediatric department for incidentally detected asymptomatic bacteriuria. Our case demonstrated that high grade vesicoureteral reflux patient with reduced renal function, bladder and bowel dysfunction at presentation is more likely to progress to chronic kidney disease.

Idiopathic renal hypouricemia is a hereditary disease characterized by abnormally high renal uric acid clearance. A defect in the SLC22A12 genes, which encodes the renal uric acid transporter, URAT1, is the known major causes of this disorder. Most patients are clinically silent, but exercise-induced acute kidney injury, urolithiasis or hematuria may develop. The patient presented with azotemia, decreased urine output and abdominal pain without vigorous exercise past history. He was diagnosed with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis at admission, but low serum uric acid level was persisted. Since the diagnosis of the patient was familial renal hypouricemia, we performed sequence analysis of the SLC22A12 gene in all family members. We report a case of 17-year-old boy with severe acute kidney injury with familial renal hypouricemia confirmed by genotyping of SLC22A12.

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• Renal hypouricemia type 2 with SLC2A9 compound heterozygous variants: a case report of recurrent acute kidney injury triggered by low-intensity exercise
  Niranjana Rekha Paladugu, Muralinath Vukkadala
  Frontiers in Nephrology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef

Pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) in infants is manifested by presence of hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, and metabolic acidosis. At initial stages, PAH is generally suspected as congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Transient PHA has been reported in infants with urinary tract infection and urinary tract malformation. We report a case of 5-month-old infant with failure to thrive and finally diagnosed with transient PHA due to urinary tract infection with vesicoureteral reflux.

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Citations to this article as recorded by  

• Transient secondary pseudo-hypoaldosteronism in infants with urinary tract infections: systematic literature review
  Céline Betti, Camilla Lavagno, Mario G. Bianchetti, Lisa Kottanattu, Sebastiano A. G. Lava, Federica Schera, Marirosa Cristallo Lacalamita, Gregorio P. Milani
  European Journal of Pediatrics.2024; 183(10): 4205.     CrossRef