Ectopic ureteral orifice presents predominantly in young girls with duplicated kidneys and ureters, and mostly drains from ectopic ureters were associated with non-duplicated upper urinary systems and it is called a single system ectopic ureter. It is frequently associated with renal dysplasia or agenesis and ureterocele. Compared with ectopic ureter draining from the duplicated kidney, the diagnosis of single system ectopic ureter is often delayed because the ectopic ureter may be associated with a single small dysplastic, poorly functioning kidney. We report a case of single system ectopic ureter associated with dysplastic and poorly functioning kidney.

Renal cell carcinoma can presents wide range of signs and symptoms, and commonly associated with paraneoplastic syndrome. Paraneoplastic manifestations are present in up to 20% of patients with renal cell carcinoma. There is convincing evidence that renal cell carcinoma tumor cells elaborate proteins that serve as mediators of endocrine (ex ; ectopic production of parathyroid hormone-related protein or erythropoietin) as well as nonendocrine paraneoplastic syndromes. A paraneoplastic syndrome may be the various clinical presentation of renal cell carcinoma in a significant number of patients, therefore mimicked other general disease. We report a case of renal cell carcinoma associated with paraneoplastic syndrome mimicking pyelonephritis.