, Kyu Won Chung, Jae Jung Park, Suh Eun Bae, Il Hwan Moon, Kwon Yoo, Min Sun Cho Small cell lung cancer accounts for about 20% of all lung cancers. At the time of diagnosis, the majority of patients already have metastasis. The liver is one of the most common sites of distant metastasis of lung cancer. Small cell lung cancer arises from neuroendocrine cells which produce hormone, hormone producing granules can be seen under electron microscope . A 65-year-old male was admitted to hospital because of jaundice and right upper quadrant pain. The chest roentgenogram and chest computed tomography(CT) scan showed a 3 cm mass in right upper lobe with bilateral mediastinal lymphadenopathy and right pleural effusion. The abdomen CT scan revealed multiple masses in the liver with heterogenous pattern suggesting metastatic orgin. Though the immunohistochemistry and electron miscroscopy, he was diagnosed as metastatic small cell lung cancer of liver. We report a case of the Immunohistochemical and Electron Microscopic Observation of Metastatic Small Cell Lung Cancer of Liver.
, Sung-Hak Kim , Hyun-Suk Yoon, Kye-Min Chun, Hana Yoon Biothesiometer is a device for quantitatively measuring vibratory thresholds in a noninvasive manner. It has been utilized for evaluating variety of neurological diseases for decades. We aimed to investigate difference of vibratory thresholds according to presence of specific lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS).
173 female patients were included in this study. We investigated medical history, and performed physical examination, cystoscopy, and biothesiometry. Biothesiometry were recorded on clitoris, vestibules, and both labia minora. Relationship between age, LUTS, serum triglyceride(TG) and cholesterol(Chol) level, and vibratory thresholds were also analyzed.
Mean age of patients was 51.8±9.4 years. LUTS consisted of stress urinary incontinence(SUI)(87.4%), urgency or urge incontinence(UUI)(77.1%), and frequency(66%). Age was closely related with vibratory thresholds. Correlation coefficient was 0.394, 0.343, 0.332, 0.294, 0.279 for clitoris, both labia, and anterior and posterior vestibules, respectively(p<0.001). Patients with SUI and UUI showed significantly increased vibratory thresholds on clitoris and right labium compared to those who do not have any of SUI or UUI(p<0.05). TG and Chol levels were not related with vibratory thresholds.
Vibratory thresholds of external genitalia area were increased in proportion to age. Patients had different vibratory thresholds according to their LUTS. This finding suggests that LUTS is associated with insufficiency of pudendal nerve.
, Eungeol Sim, Tae-Sik Yoon, Jung-Min Lee, Sung-Min Kim Hemiplegic patients with unilateral cerebral lesions suffer from sensory deficit as well as motor deficit. But clinical assessment of thermal sensation is one of the least reliable components of neurological examination and is difficult to quantify.
We measured thermal sensory thresholds of cold sense, warm sense, cold pain and hot pain in hemiplegic patients with thermal sensory analyzer(TSA). To investigate and quantify the thermal sensory deficit of hemiplegic patients, we compared the measurements with normal con-trols, between body regions, and between hemiplegic and sound side.
Hemiplegic patients showed impaired thermal sensory thresholds in all modalities compared to their sound side and normal controls.
Quantitative sensory test using thermal sensory analyzer can be useful to quantify the thermal sensory deficit and follow up the progress.
, Dong Eun Song , Hyun A Bae, Eun Kyung Eo The objective of this study was to evaluate the use and the effect of an automated external defibrillator(AEDs) by emergency medical technicians(EMTs) in prehospital cardiac arrest.
After application of exclusion criteria, 293 patients who transported to emergency center of our hospital after cardiac arrest in consecutive 36 months from Jan, 1, 2003 to Dec, 31, 2005 were included in this study. We reviewed the 119 rescue service records and the hospital chart of the patients including, demographic data, types of eletrocardiogram(ECG) rhythms, witness of arrest, cause of arrest, basic life support(BLS), use of AED, transport time, time intervals from cardiac arrest to the advanced cardiac life support(ACLS), and return of spontaneous circulation(ROSC).
The mean age was 56.1±21.8 years with 185 males and 108 females. Time intervals from cardiac arrest to ACLS were 27.2±18.1 minutes and 259 patients(88.4%) were transported by EMTs. AEDs were used by EMTs in 119 patients(45.9%) and 20 patients(8.6%) were defibrillated. After ACLS, 17 patients experienced ROSC and 2 patients survived until discharge. There were no statistical differences in the ROSC rate between the patients transported by EMTs and those by non-EMTs(p=0.067), between the group of AED used and of no-AED used(p=0.116).
The use of AEDs by EMTs was still low and the effect of AEDs and BLS by EMTs were not significant in ROSC.
Citations
, Do-Sang Cho, Soon Sup Chung, Hye-Sook Park, Hoo Jae Hann This study was performed to provide information on the relationship between admission criteria and medical school performance (MSP). Seventy six medical students admitted to the Ewha School of Medicine in 2007 were enrolled. The admission criteria included the undergraduate grade point average (GPA), medical education eligibility test (MEET), essay, letters of recommendation, and admission interview score. MSP was measured by GPA. Standard tests of bivariate correlation and multivariate regression analysis were used to examine the relationship between multiple factors of admission criteria and MSP for the first two years after admission. Among the admission criteria, scores of undergraduate GPA, essay, and letters of recommendation were significantly correlated with MSP. Admission interview score, however, had no correlation with MSP. Although total MEET score was not related with MSP as well, science reasoning-2 demonstrated significant correlation with MSP. Further studies will be needed to define the clear relationship between various admission criteria and MSP.
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