, Jisoo Lee, You-Hyun Lee To define the abnormalities in homeostasis of B-1 B lymphocytes compartments in human SLE.
Perpheral blood was obtained from 7 patients with untreated active SLE patients and same patients at the time of incative disease after immunosuppressive therapy. The frequencies of CD5+CD45RAint B-1a B lymphocyte, and CD5+CD45RAlow B-1b B lymphocyte, CD5-CD45RAhigh conventional B-2 lymphocyte subsets were analyzed. For the control group, peripheral blood from 7 healthy adults and 7 patients with infectious fever were utilized.
B-1a B lymphocyte subset was found at high frequency in active SLE patients compared to the fever control(33.5±15.0% vs 20.1±5.3%,
These results indicate that there are abnormalities in B cell conpartments with expansion of B-1a B lymphocyte subset and contraction of B-2 B lymphocyte subset associated with the disease activity in patients wite SLE.
Pancreatitis is the most common and serious complication of ERCP. On the basis of several reports, corticosteroid, octreotide, or calcium channel blocker might be effective in this regard. The aim of this study was to determine whether the phamacologic agents(steroid, variable amount of octreotide, and verapamil) prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis.
A total of 80 patients were randomized. All patients received intravenously gabexate mesilate(Foy®) before endoscopy. Group 1 has been dose of octreotide (0.2mg blous and 6mg intravenous infusion) in group 3, and verapamil in group 4. Clinical outcomes and risk factors were analysed in each groups. We checked cytokines (IL-1, TNF-α) in group 3 and 4 compared with control and alcohol induced pacreatitis.
The overall frequency of hyperamylasemia and pancreatitis were 35% (28/80) and 13.7% (11/80), respectively. There was no difference among 4 groups with the incidence and severity of pancreatitis. The groups were similar with regard to demographic characteristics, type of procedure performed(diagnostic or therapeutic), the presence of diverticulum, visualization of pancreatic duct. There was no risk factors of ERCP-pancreatitis in all groups. In the cytokine data, TNF-α was markedly decreased on right after ERCP in patients with hyperamyasemia and pancreatitis.
Prophylactic administered corticosteroid, octredtid, or verpamil would not be helpful for prevention in post-ERCP pancreatitis. Also IL-1 and TNF-α may not be useful markers in prediction of ERCP-pancretitis. But TNF-α would be useful marker as mild form ERCP-pancreatitis and alcoholic pancreatitis.
Smoking cessation is the mainstay of treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and prevention of related malignancy. But smoking cessation cliniss generally have low success rates. The aim of this study is to evaluate the abstinece rates and factors determining success among during out patient(OPD) run by pulmonologist(smoking cessation specialist).
125 smokers with COPD(97) and bronchal asthma(28) were consulted in the smoking cessation clinic during treatment of out patients department from 2003 to 2005.
Patients palnned to cisit every 4 weeks and the patients were ercerived brief intervenrion(5-10 minutes) by a same pulmonologist(smoking cesation specialist) every 4weeks. Medication was evaluated every 4 weeks and followed-up for 6 months.
Overall, 33%(41/125) of patients were absinent at 6 months. Success rate was higher among the older(mean age of 54.0 vs. 45.6, p=0.00). Logistic regression was to identify predictors of abstinence at the end of the medication phase.
Mulivariate predictors of abstinence were the following : older age(p<0.00), numbers of visit to OPD[OR=1.85(95% CI : 1.21-2.86)], duration of medication [OR=18.3(95% CI : 1.54-217.00)], doctor's recommendation[OR=16.62(95%CI : 1.29-214.17)].
Brief, frequent and intensive motivational intervention with medication(bupropion) during OPD by specialist was effective for cessation smoking in view of time and cost for smokers with COPD and bronchial asthma who require quitting of smoking inevitably for treatmint and prevention of diease.
Cravernous sinus surgery has been performed increasingly in the last 2 decades because of advance in modern neuroimaging rechiques, nuw surgical anatomy knowledge and surgical technoligies. We reviewed the surgicla approaches to cavernous sinus and surgical anatomy. Extradural approach to cavernous sinus has represented a refinement of the orifinal work performed on this topic by Parkinson, Dolenc, Hakba, and other enthusiastic neurosurgeons. Surgical access to cavernous sinus has traditionally been accomplished through pterinal, subtemporal, orbitozygomatic intradural or extradural, or combined intra-extradural approach. Extradural approach includes craniotomy with or without resection of zygomatic archm exposure of superior orbital fissure and skull base foramina, anterior clinoidectomy, unroofing of opic canal, dissection of laternal wall and entire cavernous sinus. And intraduaral approach has more procedure of dural incision and exposure of cranial nerves, intermal carotid artery and its branches. The most important part of extradural procedure is th identify and dissect the cleavage plane between the temporal dura and the deep layer of lateral wall of cavernous sinus. The other significant aspects of dissection are anterior clinoidectomy and preper orientation while dissecting the dura matter of superior orbital fissure to avoid damage to nerve and vessl. The cranial nerves in lateral wall of cavernous sinus have neural sheath which are probably well protected from mechanical injury during surgery. It is also important to maintain vascular supply for cranial nerves to avoid injury during dissecrion. The advancing interventional techinque is competion with direct surgical management of vascular lesion of cavernous sinous. Also the same may be applied to neoplastic lesions involving cavernous sinous, as radiosurgety like gamma knife is competing with surgical treatment. However, with improved knowlidge and surgocal techiques, most of lesions in cavernous sinus can be removed without additional neurological deficits.
Citations
, Hye Jung Chang, Ji Min Jung, Min Jung Kang, Ji Young Oh, Eun Hwa Choi, Moon Young Choi, Jin Wook Moon, Jung Hyun Chang, Jin Hwa Lee, Woon Sup Han Dieulafoy's disease is the vascular anomaly characterized by the presence of arteries of persistent large caliber in the submucosa, and in some instances, the mucosa, typically with a small, overlying mucosal defect. Only a few cases of this lesion occuring in the bronchial system have been reported to date. The etiology of Dieulafoy's disease is still unclear, but chronic bronchial injury and/or congenital vascular malformation have been postulated. We encountered a case of bronchial Dieulafoy's disease that developed in a 69-year-old woman who had been treated for pulmonary tuberculosis for 4 months. Her chief complaint was hemoptysis and the bronchoscopic finding showed an intrabronchial protruding lesion produced by the arteries beneath the bronchial mucosa of the anterior segment of right upper lobe. She has been well after the surgical resection of right upper lobe.
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, Hye Jung Chang, Min Jung Kang, Ji Young Oh, In Je Kim, Yun Su Sim, Jin Wook Moon, Jung Hyun Chang, Jin Hwa Lee, Sun Hee Sung Acute eosinophilic pneumonia is characterized by acute febrile disease with diffuse interstitial infiltration on chest radiography, eosinophilic infiltration of lung parenchyma on lung biopsy and good response at corticosteroid therapy. There has been several reports that support cigarette smoking recently, even though the pathogenesis is not clear. We encountered a case of acute eosinophilic pneumonia induced by cigarette smoking, who, being a 20-year-old man, presented with acute onset of fever after his first cigarette smoking. His clinical symptoms and the infiltrations on onset x-ray improved after a treatment with corticosteroid.
, Dong Ki Kim, Seung Jun Kim, Sun Young Park, Dong Eun Yoo, Hyung Joong Oh, Hye Jung Jang, Hyun Joo Jeong, Kyu Hun Choi , Hoo Jae Hann 
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