No abstract available

After rats were treated with CC1₄, phenobarbital and artemisia messes-schmiaiana var viridis(artemisia), hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450, cytochrome b₅ and lipid peroxidation were investigated. When vitamin A, C and E were added incubation medium in each group respectively, lipid peroxidation was observed. The results were as follows. 1) When administrated with CC1₄ in rats, the contents of total microsomal cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome b₅ were decreased by 58% and 36%, respectively. And lipid peroxidation was decreased to by 6%. 2) When administrated with phenobarbital and artemisia. in rats respectively, the contents of total microsomal cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome b₅ were increased by 25 to 135%. And lipid peroxidation was increased by 30 to 57%. 3) When administrated with CC1₄ and phenobarbital or artemisia. in rats, the contents of total microsomal cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome b₅ were increased by 8 to 35%. And lipid peroxidation was increased by 4 to 14%. 4) When vitamin A, C and E incubated in each group in each group in vitro, lipid peroxidation were decreased by 3 to 87%. And th higher concentrations of vitamin A, C and E were, the more lipid peroxidation was decreased. These results indicate that vitamin antioxidants can prevent lipid peroxidation in CC1₄, phenobarbital, CC1₄ with phenobarital. artemisia. and CC1₄ with artemisia.-pretreated rat liver microsomes.

The author measured the activities of the membrane-bound enzyme, Na⁺·K⁺-ATPase, and ATP as a part of an attempt to define the major cellular alterations in the initial 4-hour period of the feline spinal cord following experimental impact injury with 400gm-cm. The activities of Na⁺·K⁺-ATPase were significantly decreased at post-injury 1-hour and between the 1-hour and 4-hour period. But for these same samples, the activities of Mg²⁺-ATPase did not change appreciably. Contents of ATP were significantly depleted in the same period. These changes suggested that this model of the spinal cord trauma results in a severe irrevirsible injury to the affected tissues.

The ankle, which at times bears up to five times the body weights, is the most congruous joint of lower extremity, but its complex articulations are as not yet understood completely. The injuries to the ankle joint include not only injuries that cause distruption of the bony architecture of ankle but often injuries of significant syndesmotic ligamentous. One hundred and sixty two cases of ankle fractures in adult which were treated at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, during the period from March, 1982, were analysed clinically and the following results were obtained ; 1) In 162 cases of ankle fractures, 122 cases(77.2%) were male, and the most common cause was traffic accident. The most common type, according to the Lauge-Hansen's classification, was pronation-external rotation with 58 cases(35.8%). 2) According to the Colton's criteria, the result of treatment with open reduction and internal fixation was not comparable to that with closed reduction. 3) Good functional result in ankle fracture and associated ligamentous injuries were depend on three factors such as, anatomic restoration of articular surface, early range of motion, and early weight bearing. 4) For the satisfactory function of the mortise, the fibular must be restored to normal length, correctly positioned in the groove of the tibia, and effectivey anchored to the tibia through the syndesmosis.

12 injuries of the duodenum and pancreas were treated at Ewha Womans University Hospital From 1976 to 1982 and 10 of 12 cases were treated operatively. The result was as follows 1) 12 injuries were due to blunt(11) and Stab(1). 5 of the 11 cases of blunt trauma were due to road traffic accident. Other injuries were due to blow(3), fall(2) and kick(1). 2) There were 7 isolated duodenal injuries, 3 isolated pancreas injuries and 2 combined pancreaticoduodenal injuries. 3) Serum amylase determination preoperatively was done in all cases. 9 of 12 patients was elevated. 4) Associated and concomitant injuries were present in 7 patients including the following injuries organ : Stomach(3), Jejunum(2) and Retroperitoneal vessel(2). 5) Three main methods of treatment were used simple suture & drainage(4), simple suture and adjuctive operations(4). pancreaticoduodenetomy(2). 6) The postoperative complications were would infection, pancreatic fistula, duodenal leakage & fistula, pneumonia and sepsis. Among the complications, duodenal leakage and wound infections were most common ones. 7) 3 death occurred in these groups and the mortality was 30 percent. Th causes of death were sepsis and hypovolemia.

Thirteen patients with a variety heart diseases were underwent operation for total correction of their defect successfully at Ewha Womans University Hospital from March, 1982 to February, 1983. Among 13 patients, three had patent ductus arteriosus, two tetralogy of Fallot, one ventricular septal defect, two constrictive pericarditis and five rheumatic valvular heart diseases. There was no surgical mortality. Their functional improvement was excellent until 6 to 12 months' postoperative period. Although they were a few patients, we report these cases because we thought they might be a good experience for us in performing coming cardiovascular work.

Renal abscess caused by Staphylococcus aureus develops from hematogenous spread of the organisms from a primary skin lesion, or is secondary to longstanding renal infection caused by gram negative organisms. Excretory urography is the most reliable investigative procedure although renal arteriogram is necessary frequently. In the early stage, cure is often possible with antibiotic therapy, but if not, surgical operation such as drainage of the abscess, heminephrectomy or even nephrectomy will be required.

We report a case of renal abscess diffusely involved in the left kidney, which was nephrectomized.

The authors report a case of large oligodendroglioma arising from the right parietal lobe in a child and review the literatures.