Ewha Medical Journal

[English]

Pneumocephalus with suspected cerebrospinal fluid leakage after epiduroscopic epidural neuroplasty: a case report: Min Jeong Kang, Bo Kyung Kang, Seung Hee Yoo, Won-joong Kim; Ewha Med J 2026;49(3):e23. Published online July 14, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12771/emj.2026.01459

Abstract
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Pneumocephalus is a rare complication of neuraxial procedures and is usually associated with inadvertent dural puncture or the use of air during epidural space identification. Epiduroscopic epidural neuroplasty (EEN) is performed without air injection and permits direct visualization of the epidural space; therefore, pneumocephalus after this procedure is extremely uncommon. A 71-year-old woman with a history of lumbar spine surgery underwent EEN via a caudal approach without sedation. No dural puncture was identified during the procedure. Approximately 12 hours later, she developed a non-orthostatic headache. Brain computed tomography revealed pneumocephalus in the basal cistern and left lateral ventricle. Her symptoms improved with oxygen therapy but worsened 5 days later despite radiologic resolution of the pneumocephalus. Suspected cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage was treated with an epidural blood patch, which resolved her symptoms. Pneumocephalus may occur after EEN without clinically or endoscopically recognized dural injury and may coexist with CSF leakage; an occult microdural defect cannot be excluded as the underlying mechanism. Prompt imaging should be considered in patients who develop early or atypical postprocedural headache.

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[English]

Clinical Characteristics and Epidemiology of Enteroviral Meningitis Compared to Non-Enteroviral Meningitis in Infants under 3 Months of Age: Jisoo Kim, Hee Won Kang, Young Min Youn, So-Yeon Shim, Eun Ae Park, Su Jin Cho; Ewha Med J 2017;40(3):122-127. Published online July 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12771/emj.2017.40.3.122

Abstract
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Objectives

To compare the epidemiology, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, seasonality and hospital course of enteroviral meningitis (EM) and non-enteroviral meningitis (NEM) cases in infants under 3 months of age.

Methods

A retrospective chart review was performed of infants under 3 months of age or less with viral meningitis admitted to Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital between January 2010 and December 2016.

Results

EM patients were more likely to have siblings compared with NEM. Most of EM was diagnosed during the summer season. Almost 80% of EM was diagnosed between July and September. Fever lasted longer in EM patients compared to NEM. White blood cell count (WBC) from the cerebrospinal fluid was higher in EM patients compared with NEM patients. WBC in blood were lower in EM patients compared with NEM patients. C-reactive protein was lower in EM patients compared with NEM patients. Most of the patients were initially started on antibiotics therapy to rule out bacterial meningitis. EM patients received shorter duration of antibiotic treatment compared with NEM patients.

Conclusion

This study was conducted to augment the understanding of the incidence, epidemiology, transmission in infants, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, seasonality and hospital courses of enteroviral meningitis compared to NEM. Early recognition, rapid diagnosis and proper clinical management can reduce duration of antibiotic treatment.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

CLINICAL-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ASEPTIC MENINGITIS IN CHILDREN OF KHMELNITSKYI REGION (PODILSKYI REGION, UKRAINE): FOURTEEN-YEAR EPIDEMIOLOGICAL OBSERVATION
L. V. Pypa, R. V. Svistilnik, Yu. N. Lysytsia, K. Yu. Romanchuk, I. V. Odarchuk
Journal Infectology.2019; 11(1): 41. CrossRef

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[English]

The Complication of the Post-cererospinal Fluid Diversion Procedures in Hydrocephalus : An Analysis of 46 Operated Cases: Kyang Kwean Park; Ihwa Ŭidae chi 1995;18(1):65-71. Published online July 24, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12771/emj.1995.18.1.65

Abstract
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The concepts of hydrocephalus can be applied at all conditions in which the intracranial volume of the cerebrospinal fluid is abnormally largd in relation to the volume of the brain. Most patients suffering from hydrocephalus has increased significantly with the advent of more sophisticated diagmostic tools sucy as CT, MRI and with rapid technical advances in shunt equipment. Since intracranial pressure is variable parameter depending on the factors as that some shunt complication are related to too much or to little cerebrospinal fluid drainage. In this report, the author analyzes post shunt complications of 46 patients from Jan, 1990 to Dec, 1994.

The rate of post shunt complications was 30% and the most common things were underdrtainage(16%), infction(10%), and shunt malfunction(6%).