, Do-Sang Cho, Soon Sup Chung, Hye-Sook Park, Hoo Jae Hann This study was performed to provide information on the relationship between admission criteria and medical school performance (MSP). Seventy six medical students admitted to the Ewha School of Medicine in 2007 were enrolled. The admission criteria included the undergraduate grade point average (GPA), medical education eligibility test (MEET), essay, letters of recommendation, and admission interview score. MSP was measured by GPA. Standard tests of bivariate correlation and multivariate regression analysis were used to examine the relationship between multiple factors of admission criteria and MSP for the first two years after admission. Among the admission criteria, scores of undergraduate GPA, essay, and letters of recommendation were significantly correlated with MSP. Admission interview score, however, had no correlation with MSP. Although total MEET score was not related with MSP as well, science reasoning-2 demonstrated significant correlation with MSP. Further studies will be needed to define the clear relationship between various admission criteria and MSP.
, Do-Sang Cho Recently, motion preservation has come to the forefront of emerging technologies in spine surgery. This is the important background information of the emergence of cervical arthroplasty as an alternative to arthrodesis that offers the promise of restoring normal spinal movement and reduces a kinematic strain on adjacent segments. The study was designed to evaluate early surgical outcome and radiological effects of Bryan cervical disc prosthesis.
The authors retrospectively reviewed radiographic and clinical outcomes in 49 patients who received the Bryan Cervical Disc prosthesis, for whom follow-up data were available. Static and dynamic radiographs were measured by computer to determine the angles formed by the endplates of the natural disc preoperatively, those formed by the shells of the implanted prosthesis, the angle of the FSU, and the C2-7 Cobb angle. The range of motion(ROM) was also determined radiographically, whereas clinical outcomes were assessed using Odom's criteria.
A total of 66 Bryan disc were placed in 49 patients. A single-level procedure was performed in 35 patients, a two-level procedure in 14 patients, and a three-level procedure in 3. Radiographic and clinical assessments were made preoperatively. Mean follow-up duration was 29.2 months, ranging from 6 to 36 months. All of the patients were satisfied with the surgical results by Odom's criteria. The postoperative ROM of the implanted level was preserved without significant difference from preoperative ROM of the operated level. 90% of patients with a preoperative lordotic sagittal orientation of the FSU were able to maintain lordosis. The overall sagittal alignment of the cervical spine was preserved in 89.4% of cases at the final follow up. Interestingly, preoperatively kyphotic FSU resulted in lordotic FSU in 57.7% of patients during the late follow up, and preoperatively kyphotic overall cervical alignment resulted in lordosis in 62.5% of the patients postoperatively.
Arthroplasty using the Bryan disc seemed to be safe and provided encouraging clinical and radiologic outcome in our study. Although early and intermediate results are promising, this is also a relatively new approach, long-term follow up studies are required to prove its efficacy and its ability to prevent adjacent segment disease.
, Do-Sang Cho, Joon-Kyu Moon Three cases operated on with anterior micorforaminotomy because of chronic symptoms after whiplash injury were analyzed. The indications for surgery were medically intractable, definite cervical radicular symptoms with trivial cervical pathology on preoperative usual radiological studies. On operative findings, the minor disc protrusion and thickening of posterior longitudinal ligament were the representative pathologies. At follow-up, all patients showed disappearance of pre-operative symptoms. Based on Robinson's criteria for the surgical results, all 3 patients had good results. We suggest the trivial cervical pathologies, proved by the target-oriented, anterior microforaminotomy, can be the origin of cervical radiculopathy after low-velocity, rear-car collision injury in our series.
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