, Kyu Won Chung, Sun Young Yi To investigate clinicopathologic findings and gallbladder (GB) function in patients with endoscopic bile reflux at outpatients clinic.
We classified endoscopic bile reflux into two groups by bile reflux index (BRI). Those who scored above 14 were the BRI (+) group, and those below 14 were the BRI (-) group. We analyzed clinical characteristics, endoscopic findings including
Endoscopic bile reflux identified in 9.7% of all cases with gastrointestinal symptoms. There are cholecystectomy in 6.7%, gastrectomy in 2.7%, and GB dysfunction in 20.0%. They had prominent gastrointestinal symptoms with variable endoscopic findings. Foveolar hyperplasia is the most common pathologic finding and
Endoscopic bile reflux was common findings with young adults (30's) at outpatients clinic. Foveolar hyperplasia is common pathologic finding. GB dysfunction were identified as significant risk factors for BRI (+) group.
, Kyu Won Chung, Jae Jung Park, Suh Eun Bae, Il Hwan Moon, Kwon Yoo, Min Sun Cho Small cell lung cancer accounts for about 20% of all lung cancers. At the time of diagnosis, the majority of patients already have metastasis. The liver is one of the most common sites of distant metastasis of lung cancer. Small cell lung cancer arises from neuroendocrine cells which produce hormone, hormone producing granules can be seen under electron microscope . A 65-year-old male was admitted to hospital because of jaundice and right upper quadrant pain. The chest roentgenogram and chest computed tomography(CT) scan showed a 3 cm mass in right upper lobe with bilateral mediastinal lymphadenopathy and right pleural effusion. The abdomen CT scan revealed multiple masses in the liver with heterogenous pattern suggesting metastatic orgin. Though the immunohistochemistry and electron miscroscopy, he was diagnosed as metastatic small cell lung cancer of liver. We report a case of the Immunohistochemical and Electron Microscopic Observation of Metastatic Small Cell Lung Cancer of Liver.
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