Some patients with depression require electroconvulsive therapy performed under general anesthesia. This requires rapid loss of consciousness, with minimal interference from seizure activity, appropriate muscle relaxation status, prevention of hyperdynamic responses to the electrical stimulus, and proper recovery of spontaneous ventilation and consciousness. The authors report the first case of electroconvulsive therapy performed with the patient under general anesthesia at the Ewha Womans University Medical Center, Korea.
Levofloxacin, an oral fluroquinolone antibacterial agent, is the optical S-(-) isomer of ofloxacin. In vitro it is generally twice as potent as ofloxacin and active against most aerobic gram positive and gram negative organisms, but only moderate activities against anaerobics.
Our purpose was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of levofloxacin in patients with several kinds of cutaneous infections.
Levofloxacin(CRAVIT®; Korea Daiich Parm. Co.) 300-600mg/day for 5-14days was administrated to eighteen patients with cutaneous and subcutaneous infections. The Bacterial culture and laboratory tests were performed prior to and after treatments. Clinical effects and adverse events were evaluated on laboratory indics.
1) Nine of thrteen cases(70%) were useful, four cases(30%) were slightly useful.
2) Clinically twelve of eighteen cases were cured and eight cases were partial response to the drug.
3) There were no laboratory abnormalities after levofloxacin treatment
4) Side effects were not significant except dizziness and sleep disturbance.
Levofloxacin was evaluated as a highly effective antibacterial agent against dermatologic infections.
Citations
The major risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma include hepatitis B or C virus infection and alcohol consumption in Korea which lead to liver cirrhosis development and progression. However, prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease related hepatocellular carcinoma is rising worldwide and hepatocellular carcinoma cases in patients with non-cirrhotic non-alcoholic steatohepatitis are increasing. A hypoechoic nodule was incidentally detected in a 52-year-old woman, with no evidence of liver cirrhosis or specific hepatocellular carcinoma findings on radiological examination. Non-cirrhotic non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-associated hepatocellular carcinoma was diagnosed based on clinical, laboratory, and histopathological findings of liver biopsy. To our knowledge, this is the first such case report in Korea.
Polyuria is occasionally observed during general anesthesia. Usually urine output during general anesthesia is decreased because of anesthetic agents. The authors came across with a case of polyruia during sevoflurane anesthesia which occurred after induction of anesthesia. Polyuria is a nonspecific symptom, but can cause many serious complications. Therefore, it is very important to investigate the cause thoroughly and treat patient appropriately.
Granuloma annulare is a chronic, benigh, degenerative dermatosis, usually developes on the dorsum of hand or foot. A case is reported of localized granuloma annulare on the both ear helices of a 21-year-old male with no history of precipitating causes, including trauma, insect bite, diabetes mellitus, or rheumatoid arthritis. The histology was typical palisading granulomas. Auricular granuloma annulare is rare. A brief review of the pathogenesis and literature is presented.