Ewha Medical Journal

[English]

Pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, and treatment of tuberculosis-associated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a narrative review: Joon Young Choi; Ewha Med J 2025;48(2):e24. Published online March 19, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12771/emj.2025.00059

Abstract
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of respiratory morbidity and mortality, most often linked to smoking. However, growing evidence indicates that previous tuberculosis (TB) infection is also a critical risk factor for COPD. This review aimed at providing a comprehensive perspective on TB-COPD, covering its epidemiologic significance, pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, and current management approaches. Tuberculosis-associated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (TB-COPD) is characterized by persistent inflammatory responses, altered immune pathways, and extensive structural lung damage—manifested as cavitation, fibrosis, and airway remodeling. Multiple epidemiologic studies have shown that individuals with a history of TB have a significantly higher likelihood of developing COPD and experiencing worse outcomes, such as increased breathlessness and frequent exacerbations. Key pathogenic mechanisms include elevated matrix metalloproteinase activity and excessive neutrophil-driven inflammation, which lead to alveolar destruction, fibrotic scarring, and the development of bronchiectasis. Treatment generally follows current COPD guidelines, advocating the use of long-acting bronchodilators and the selective application of inhaled corticosteroids. Studies have demonstrated that indacaterol significantly improves lung function and respiratory symptoms, while long-acting muscarinic antagonists have shown survival benefits.

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Recent advances in pulmonary tuberculosis, the application of deep learning to medical topics, and highlights from this issue of Ewha Medical Journal
Hae-Sun Chung
Ewha Medical Journal.2025; 48(2): e16. CrossRef

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[English]

Evaluation of Efficacy of Smoking Cessation Intervention with COPD and Bronchial Asthma Run by Pulmonologist during Treatment of Out Patient Department: Eun Mi Chun; Ihwa Ŭidae chi 2006;29(2):99-105. Published online September 30, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12771/emj.2006.29.2.99

Abstract
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Objectives

Smoking cessation is the mainstay of treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and prevention of related malignancy. But smoking cessation cliniss generally have low success rates. The aim of this study is to evaluate the abstinece rates and factors determining success among during out patient(OPD) run by pulmonologist(smoking cessation specialist).

Methods

125 smokers with COPD(97) and bronchal asthma(28) were consulted in the smoking cessation clinic during treatment of out patients department from 2003 to 2005.

Patients palnned to cisit every 4 weeks and the patients were ercerived brief intervenrion(5-10 minutes) by a same pulmonologist(smoking cesation specialist) every 4weeks. Medication was evaluated every 4 weeks and followed-up for 6 months.

Results

Overall, 33%(41/125) of patients were absinent at 6 months. Success rate was higher among the older(mean age of 54.0 vs. 45.6, p=0.00). Logistic regression was to identify predictors of abstinence at the end of the medication phase.

Mulivariate predictors of abstinence were the following : older age(p<0.00), numbers of visit to OPD[OR=1.85(95% CI : 1.21-2.86)], duration of medication [OR=18.3(95% CI : 1.54-217.00)], doctor's recommendation[OR=16.62(95%CI : 1.29-214.17)].

Conclusion

Brief, frequent and intensive motivational intervention with medication(bupropion) during OPD by specialist was effective for cessation smoking in view of time and cost for smokers with COPD and bronchial asthma who require quitting of smoking inevitably for treatmint and prevention of diease.

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[English]

A Case of Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia Following Cigarette Smoking: Eun Hwa Choi, Hye Jung Chang, Min Jung Kang, Ji Young Oh, In Je Kim, Yun Su Sim, Jin Wook Moon, Jung Hyun Chang, Jin Hwa Lee, Sun Hee Sung; Ihwa Ŭidae chi 2006;29(2):127-132. Published online September 30, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12771/emj.2006.29.2.127

Abstract
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Acute eosinophilic pneumonia is characterized by acute febrile disease with diffuse interstitial infiltration on chest radiography, eosinophilic infiltration of lung parenchyma on lung biopsy and good response at corticosteroid therapy. There has been several reports that support cigarette smoking recently, even though the pathogenesis is not clear. We encountered a case of acute eosinophilic pneumonia induced by cigarette smoking, who, being a 20-year-old man, presented with acute onset of fever after his first cigarette smoking. His clinical symptoms and the infiltrations on onset x-ray improved after a treatment with corticosteroid.