, Soo-Kyung Kim, Sun Ung Youn, Namkyu Kang, Myung Won Lee, Seok O Park Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor has been recently reported of diabetic ketoacidosis due to accumulation of ketone bodies in patients with severe dehydration caused from such like diarrhea even though the patient had normal glucose level. This is a case of ketoacidosis in normal glucose level as production of ketone bodies is stimulated in liver with increased secretion of glucagon by stimulation of α cells in pancreas due to increase of lipolysis caused from reducing insulin and by SGLT2 inhibitor among patients who are under concurrent insulin and SGLT2 inhibitor. Thus, insulin dosage reduction requires caution in order to control blood glucose level on combined treatment of SGLT2 inhibitor in a patient who is administering insulin because the patient may be caused ketoacidosis in normal blood glucose level.
Citations
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic effect and clinical applicability of 5% sodium morrhuate sclerotherapy as primary surgical approach in cases of mucous systs.
15 cases of mucous cysts who were treated with 5% sodium morrhuate sclerotherapy were evaluated and 11 cases were followed up during 1994's. First, mucous cyst was incised, and washed out several times. 5% sodium morrhuate was infused slowly(More than 5 minutes) and throughly for maximal contact. Pressure dressing was done with elastic bandage for 2-3 days.
Age of patients were distributed form 12 year-old to 44 year-old. Involved sites were wrist97), thumb(2), ear(1), and hand(1). 5 cases among 11 cases(45%) were cured completely, but 6 cases(55%) were reoccurred, Timing of recurrences were distributed from 2-3 days till 4 months, and mean was 40 days. Patients assessed the satisfactions of therapy as excellent 2, good 1, fair 1, poor 7. complications were mild pain, hardening, and pigmentary change.
5% sodium morrhuate sclerotherapy might be useful as a primary surgical approach in cases of mucous systs because of simplicity. It is expected that therapeutic effects of sclerotherapy would be improved by repeated applications, changing to more potent sclerosants and meticulous pressure method.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion and hydroky radicals are produced in various physiologic and pathologic conditions and involved in many cellular processes as proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Studies investigating the role of ROS in various cellular behaviors especially in proliferation and apoptosis have been widely conducted in many cell types but the role of ROS in nontransformed human hepatocyte differentiation has not been investigated yet. thus we were going to elucidate the roleof ROS on human hepatocyte differentiaiton using sodium butyrate (SB) induced hepatocyte differentiation model of our own establishment.
Intracellular ROS and apoptotic cell death were monitored by flowcytometry using peroxide sensitive probe (Dicholorofluorscein diacetate) and Annexin V/Propidium iodide, respectively. Urea nitrogen in culture media was measured by colorimetric methods. Ornithine transcarbamylase(OTC) and albumin trasncription was evaluated by RT-PCR.
Intracellular ROS production was increased by SB. SB induced urea production was significantly decreased with antioxidant treatment (p<0.05) and SB induced OTC and albumin transcription were also attenuated with antioxidant treatment. SB induced increase in apoptosiswas significantly inhibited by antioxidant treatment (p<0.05).
ROS produced during the process of sodium butyrate induced human hepatocyte differentiation auguments hepatoctye differentiation and apoptosis.
First
Prev
