Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia(ALHE) is a benign, uncommon disorder of unknown etiology and usually appears as intradermal or subcutaneous, red to brown papules and/or nodules, usually located on the head and neck region, and occurring in young adults.

Histopathologically ALHE is an angiolymphoproliferative lesion which shows characteristically plump epitheloid or histioid endothelial cells, accompanied by an inflammatory infiltrate that mainly consists of lymphocytes and eosinophils.

We reported a case of angiolymphoid hypreplasia with eosinophilia occurring on the scalp in a 52-year-old female and review the literature.

Prurigo pigmentosa is an inflammatory dermatosis characterized by severe pruritic red papules and coarse reticulated hyperpigmentation. More than 300 cases have been reported in Japan and several cases have also been described in Caucasians. It is more common in young adult females, particularly in adolescence, but may sometimes occur in males and older persons. The lesions occur mainly on the trunk and neck with severe itching. The histopathologic findings are not specific but occasionally show lichenoid tissue reaction. The etiology of this disease still remains unknown.

We reported a case of prurigo pigmentosa in a 26-year-old-male, which clinically and histopathologically fulfilled the characteristics of prurigo pigmentosa and was treated with dapsone resulting in significant clinical improvement.

The use of rubber gloves has increased in recent years. At the same time, there has been a progressive increase of incidence of occupational and nonoccupational sensitization to rubber components. Chromate sensitivity has been reported as a very common combination in the rubber allergic building workers.

We report a case of contact dermatitis to rubber glove and cement in a 69-year-old man who presented erythematous patches with severe itching on both hands, especially on the lateral sides of fingers. On patch tst, he showed positive reactions to thiuram mix, mercaptobenzothazole, potassium dichromate and rubber glove as is.

The patient was treated with topical and sysmetic corticosteroid and antihistamine with a good clinical responses.

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• The Experimental Study on the Effect of Fel Ursi & Bovis Calculus Pharmacopuncture Solution in Bacterial Species which cause Keratitis
  Na-Young Han, Hyung-Sik Seo
  Journal of Pharmacopuncture.2010; 13(2): 101.     CrossRef

Xeroderma pigmentosum is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by extreme photosensitivity and defect in repair of damage to DNA Lentigenes, freckles, telangiectasia and the hyperpigmented cutaneous macules in the sun-exposed area and early development of cutaneous malignancies are observed. In addition to cutaneous symptoms, ophthalmologic changes and neurologic abnormalities can be associated.

We report a case of xeroderma pigmentosum associated with squamous cell carcinoma in a 4-year-old girl. This case is thought to be more earlier development of malignancies than ever reported.

Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare aggressive tumor of uncertain origin. The tumor occurres most commonly in the head and neck region of the eldery.

The patient was a 62-year-old female with a reddish nonulcerative movable hard nodule on her left temple area for 2 months. Histopathologically, the tumor cells with large vesicular nuclei and scanty cytoplasm were arranged in trabecular and cord-like pattern in the dermis. The majority of the tumor cells were positive for neuron specific enolase, chromogranin and neurofilament.

Many conventional modalities such as dermabrasion, depigmenting creams as well as several types of lasers have been used for the treatment of cutaneous pigmented lesions without countable effects.

Flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser(PLTL-1) is one of the selective photothermolysis laser. This laser system incorporates two separate lasers, having an emission wave length of 510nm,a pulse duration 400nanoseconds and 5mm spot size, a flashlamp-excited pulsed dye laser is used to treat superficial cutaneous lesions, and flashlamp-excited, Q-switched alexandrite laser(TATULAZR), having an emission wavelength of 755nm, a pulse duration 100nanoseconds and 3mm spot size is designed for the treatment of blue-black tatoos.

Purpose of this study is to evaluate efficacy of PLTL-1 laser for treatment of cutaneous pigmented lesions.

The results were as follows ;

1) Excellent and good responses were observed in nevus spilus, freckles, senile lentiginesand Peutz-Jegher's syndrome.

2) Fair responses were observed in melanocytic nevus, Hocker's nevus.

3) Poor responses were observed in melasma and cafe-au-lait spot.

4) Good to fair responses were observed in nevus of Ota, ABNOM, and tattoos.

5) There were mild complications such as transient hyperpigmentation, transient hypopigmentation and recurrence.

Selective absence of serum IgA is the most commonly diagnosed form of human immnndeficiency disease, being reported in about one in 500-700 subjects in population surverys. Datailed clinical and laborattory studies of subjects with selective IgA deficiency generally reveal significantly increased incidence of sinopulmonary infection, gastrointestinal symptomatology, autoimmune disease and autoantibodies.

Authors experienced selective IgA deficiency associated with an scleroderma in a 25 years old young woman. She had pulmonary tuberculosis, high IgE level, reactive rheumatoid factor, positive for antinuclear antibody, and no presence of anti-IgA antibody.

Periorbital hemanogiomas are commonly associated with ocular complications such as amblyopia or strabismus. So early treatment and regular ophthalmologic study are recommended.

We report a case of upper eyelid strawberry hemangioma in a 5-month-old infant. Thehemangioma was treated with intralesional corticosteroid injection, and so a marked involutionof the tumor resulted. There were no local or gystemic complications. So this therapeutic methodis considered to be sueful in the management of strawberry haemangioma.

Ninety patients(average age 18 years 10 months) with nevus flammeus were treated with the flashlamp pumped pulsed dye laser(Candela Laser Corp., Wayland, Mass., SPTL-1). With an average of 3 treatments, more than 75% lightening was achieved in 36 patients(40.0%), 50% to 75% lightening in 42 patients(46.7%), 25% to 50% lightening in 6 patients(6.7%), and less than 25% lightening in 6 patients(6.7 %), The percentage of lightening was increased as the number of treatments increased. The overall more than 50% lightening was achieved in 7 patients(l00%) of pink lesion treated, in 44 patients(89.8%) of red lesion treated, and in 27 patients(79.4%) of purple lesion treated.

There were complications such as cutaneous hyperpigmentations in 21 patients(23.3 %), hypopigmentations in 3 patients(3.3%). and atrophic scar in 1 patient(1.l%). All complications were transient and disappeared completely.

LMDF is an asymptomatic papular eruption affecting the central area of the face, which runs a chronic course and involutes spontaneously with scarring. Histopathologically, the papules usually show scattered masses of tuberculoid granuloma composed of epithelioid cells, giant cells, and an encircling rim of small round mononuclear cells in the dermis. The etiology and pathogenesis of this condition are still unknown. Consequently, the treatment of LMDF has not been satisfactory despite the use of various drugs such as antituberculous drugs, steroids, tetracycline. Dapsone and isotretinoin have been reported to be effective in some cases.

Three cases of LMDF are presented with efficacy of isotretinoin. Red-brown papules of the face developed and improved by isotretinoin in a 33-year-old man(case 1), and a 28-year-old man(case 2). But the lesions of the face persisted in 55-year-old man(case 3).

To evaluate correlation between the amounts of lipid peroxide in skin surface lipid and clinical aspect of lipid-relating cutaneous disorders, such as melasma and acne, skin surface lipid samples were collected by using cup method from the faces of 20 acne women and 20 melasma women, before and 3 months after topical treatment with 2% hydroquinone and 2.5% benzoyl peroxide, respectively. The amounts of total lipids and lipid peroxide in skin surface lipid were measured by spectrophotometer and statistically analyzed by student's t-test.

The results were as follows;

1) Before treatmentin comparison with control group, melasma group showed increase of the amounts of lipid peroxide and the ratio of lipid peroxide to total lipids. But acne group showed significant increase of the ratio of lipid peroxide to total lipids as well as the amounts of total lipids and lipid peroxide.

2) After treatment, in comparison with pretreatment, melasma group showed significant decrease of the amounts of lipid peroxide and the ratio of lipid peroxide to total lipids. And in acne group, the amounts of total lipids and lipid peroxide were also decreased significantly.

The amounts of lipid peroxide in skin surface lipid decreased at the time of improvements of clinical aspects in melasma and acne. This data suggest that clinical aspect of melasma and acne is related to the amounts of lipid peroxide in skin surface lipid.

We present herein a case of allergic granuloma due to cosmetic tattoo in eyebrow which developed in a 45-year-old female. She was seen with itching erythematous hard papules and plaques on the tattooing site.

Histopathologic findings reveled allergic granulomatous infiltration and brown pigment, and quantitative analysis by means of atomic absorption spectrophotometer were done with brown and black dye biospy specimen. 0.03 ppm chrome was found in the biospy specimen patch test was showed strong positive reaction to potassium dichromate.

We have tried intralesional injection of triamcinolone for 10 months with 3 weeks interval.

We present a case of squamous cell carcinoma arising in arsenic keratosis occuring in the hand and foot of 63-year-old male.

He had past history of arsenic ingestion and about fifteen years ago, several verrucous papules developed on the hand and foot. But on left sole, aggravating erosive lesion developed. The histopathologic study showed finding of squamous cell carcinoma. Excision and skin graft was done and we are following now.

Eccrine hidrocystoma is small, translucent, smooth, shiny and often bluish colored, domeshaped cystic structure that occurs most often in a periobital area. The histologic finding of an intradermal cyst with a thin wall composed of two layers of eosinophilic-staining cuboidal cells in dilated eccrine glandular & ductal sturcture.

We present a case of multiple eccrine hidrocystoma occuring on the face, especially both eyelids & cheeks in a 70-year-old female patient.

Sudoriparous angioma or eccrine angiomatous hamartoma is an unusual form of angioma with pain and hyperhidrosis over the lesion in clinically, and a hamartoma in which histologically, eccrine sweat apparatus and vascular elements is present in the same lesion. We present a case of typical sudoriparous angioma occuring on the left ankle area in a 17-year-old female patient.

We present two cases of pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta occurring on the whole body. The case 1 was a 13 year old male who have had papulosqamous, hemorrhagic lesions and were treated by tetracyclines. The other case was a 32 year old female who have had scaly erythematous papules and were treated by etretinates.

We present herein a case of squamous cell carcinoma arising from leukoplakia developed in 1 51-year-old male. He has had a walnut sized whitish plaque with a central ulceration for one year. Histopathologic findings grade II of squamous cell carcinoma. Ten months after irradiation, he died.

We present herein a case of sclerosing hemangioma which developed in a 36-year-old woman. She has had a pea sized bluish black firm nodule for 1 year. Histopathological findings revealed a noncapsulated dermal infiltration of histiocytes and fibroblasts, characterized by numerous capillaries with prominent endothelial cells, and large amounts of hemosiderin.

Lentiginosis profusa is characterized by the numerous dark brownish macules on whole body without anomalies of other organ and occurs from birth to early adulthood and has not family history. Two cases of lentiginosis profusa were confirmed by characteristic clinical and histopathological findings. On physical examination, they were well developed, chest roentgenogram and electrocardiogram were within normal limit. On histopathologic examination of dark brown macule showed a slight to moderate elongation of rete ridge and increase of both melanocyte number and melanin amount at basal cell layer.

Herpes zoster characterized by the several groups of vesicles on an erythematous and edematous base situated unilaterally along the distribution of a cranial or spinal nerve leading to one posterior ganglion, often with some overflow into the neurotomes above and below. The onset is rapid, with fever and neuralgic pain(except in persons under 30, as a rule) after an incubation period of seven to 12 days. Zoster is the result of a recrudescence of varicella-zoster virus(VZV) infection. The pathogenesis of herpes zoster is not fully understood. During the course of varicella. VZV passes from lesions in the skin and mucosal surfaces into the contiguous endings of sensory nerves and transported centripetally up the sensory fibers to the sensory ganglia. Although the latent virus in the sensory ganglia retains its potential for full infectivity, reversions are sporadic and infrequent. The mechanisms involved in the reactivation of latent VZV are unclear, but a number of conditions have been associated with the occurrence and localization of herpes zoster. These include immunosuppression in Hodgkin's disease and other malignancies, administration of immunosuppressive drugs and corticosteroids, irradiaion of the spinal column, tumor involvement of the cord, dorsal root ganglia, or adjacent structures, local trauma, surgical manipulation of the spine, heavy-metal poisoning or therapy, and frontal sinusitis as a precipitant of ophthalmic zoster. To detect the general tendency of herpes zoster on these days, 120 patients of herpes zoster at the OPD of dermatology department in Ewha Womans University Hospital during 2 years from Jun 1 1978 to May 31 1980 were analized. The results are as follows: 1) It occurs frequently among females(Male:Female = 1:1.6). 2) Peak age incidence is from 50 to 59(20.0%). 3) There seems to be no seasonal predilection or correlation with varicella epidemics. Monthly distribution: from 5.0% to 11.7% Seasonal distribution: from 20.8% to 30.0% 4) Herpes zoster associated with tuberculosis and hypertension were 4 cases respectively. 5) The most frequently affected dermatomes are thoracie nerve(50.8%), cervical nerve and ophthalmic division of trigerminal nerve.

Facial melanosis may be distinguished on the basis of etiology, associated morphologic changes, and distribution. Factors contributing to the development of such pigmentation are contact dermatitis, sun exposure, systemic hormonal alterations, and toxic substances. Among these facial disorders may be listed; melasma, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, Riehl's melanosis, and mercurial pigmentation. In order to compare facial melanosis, Ewha Womans University Hospital studied 1977 patients from July 1,1980 to June 30, 1981. The results were as follows: 1. The favorite site of melasma was cheek, malar prominences, and forehead in that order. Postinflammatiry hyperpigmentation occurred on the forehead, malar prominences, and the cheek in that order. Riehl's melano-sis developed on the face and mercurial pigmentation was on the cheek, malar prominences, and forehead. 2. The color of melasma was mostly brown, dark brown and subsequently light brown in that order. Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation was mostly dark brown, brown and subsequently light brown in that order. The color of Riehl's melanosis and mercurial pigmentation was dark brown. 3. In spring and summer seasons, melasma, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and Riehl's melanosis were exacerbated by sunlight, but mercurial pigmentation was not affected by sunlight. 4. In all 19 cases (melasma 12 cases, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation 4 cases, Riehl's melanosis 2 cases, mercurial pigmentation 1 case) the C.B.C., urinalysis and liver function tests, were within normal limits. 5. In 19 cases biopsy specimens revealed an increase of melanin pigment and chronic inflammatory cell infiltration. In one case, the findings were similar to those of a tattoo biopsy and 2 cases showed free zone beneath the papillary body. Patients with facial melanosis, characteristically have a similar history, clinical and laboratory findings, and disease course.

Two cases of subcorneal pustular dermatosis are presented. The clinical and histopathological findings are discussed. In case 1, treatment of combination of dapsone and corticosteroids was relatively ineffective. In case 2, treatment with combination of dapsone, ultraviolet light, and triamcinilone intralesional injection, was satisfactory clinical response transiently, but complete remission could not obtained.

18,779 patients who visited to the Department of Dermatology in Ewha Womans University Hospital from Jan. 1973 to Dec. 1977 were analyzed in order to pursue the tendency of the skin diseases on these day. The results are as following: 1. The ten commonest dermatoses are: Contact dermatitis 11.8%, Acne vulgaris 10.7%, Melasma 8.8%, Fungal infection 7.9%, Atopic dermatitis 7.4%, Urticaria 6.3%, Pyoderma 5.4%, Scabies 4.0%, Psoriasis 3.1%, Molluscum contagiosum 2.1%. 2. Acne vulgaris, Melasma revealed tendency to increase during 5 years. The frequency of occurrence of contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, urticaria, pyoderma reduced gradually. 3. Most frequent diseases on March is atopic dermatitis. Melasma and fungal infection revealed peak frequency on July. Peak frequency on August are pyoderma and fungal infection. Molluscum contagiosum revealed peak frequency on June. 4. Most frequent age group of melasma is 30~39 years. Most frequent age group of Acne vulgaris is 20~29 years. Peak frequency of atopic dermatitis, Molluscum contagiosum and pyoderma was seen in 0~9 years of age. 5. Most frequent dermatoses in female are melasma, acne vulgaris, and contact dermatitis. Scabies revealed more frequent in male. Sex difference are; Male: Female=1:1.9

320 patients who were consulted to the Department of Dermatology during their admission in Ewha Womans University Hospital from Jan. 1976 to Dec. 1977 were analyzed in ordet to pursue the tendency of skin diseases in developing in-patient period on these days.

The results are as following:

1) The most frequent age group is 3rd decade (29.4%).

2) The most frequent disease is Erythema and urticaria(25%).

3) The commonest department is Internal Medicine(30%).

4) There is no significant sex difference(M:F=1.4:1).

5) There is no remarkable monthly difference.