The principal role of cytochrome P-450 in many other mixed function oxidase reactions including hydroxylations or oxidative dealkylations of various drugs, fatty acids, steroids, pesticides, and carcinogens. In order to elucidate the effect of various vitamin antioxidants on hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 and AAF hydroxylation, vitamin antioxidants, including vitamiin A acetate, L-ascorbic acid and DL-α-tocopherol were administered to rats. The results of this study show that the inhibition of cytochrome P-450 level and AAF hydroxylation by vitamin antioxidants may be related to their ability to prevent the in vivo activation of AAF to carcinogenic N-hydroxylation. Vitamin antioxidants, because of their effectiveness in inhibiting chemical carcinogenesis, may become useful chemoprophylatic agents against environmental carcinogens.

We observed the effect of the administration of vitamin A,C and E with β-naphthoflavone and piperonyl butoxide on cytochrome P-450 level and lipid peroxidation in rats liver. The level of hepatic cytochrome P-450 decreased after vitamin A,C and E was administration. In contrast, β-naphthoflavone, when administered with vitamin A,C and E, the increase of cytochrome P-450 was prevented. Lipid peroxidation was decreased after vitamin A, C, and E was administered. Moreover when β-naphthoflavone was administered together with vitamin A, C and E lipid peroxidation was not increased. When piperonyl butoxide was administered together with vitamin A,C and E, both cytochrome P-450 and lipid peroxidation were decreased. These results indicate that vitamin antioxidants can prevent lipid peroxidation by a cytochrome P-450 dependent terminal oxidase system in rat liver microsomes.

This study provides a description of the normal morphology of the synapses of the locus coeruleus in the squirrel monkey, Saimiri sciureus, at the electron microscopic level. The animals were perfused with 2% glutaraldehyde-1% paraformaldehyde fixative in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4. Tissues from the locus coeruleus were postfixed by 2% osmium tetroxide in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4, and dehydrated in graded ethanol and aceton, and embedded in Epon 812. The polymerization was carried out in oven at 60℃. The ultrathin sections were cut on a LKB ultratome, contrasted with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, and examined in a Siemens Elmiskop 1A electron microscope. Special attention during the observation was given to the different types of synapses. Five types of synapses with many characteristics, could be differentiated : small-round vesicle terminals(52%), pleomorphic vesicle terminals(25%), elongated vesicle terminals(16%), small-round and dense core vesicle terminals(5%) and large-round vesicle terminals(2%). Some of the axosomatic synapses with small round or pleomorphic vesicles make an indirect contact to the soma by somatic appendages.

This cross-cultural study was purposed to compare with the differential cultural groups' personality by the psychological tests and to detect the effects and the problems of the psychological tests used to the cross-cultural study. The psychological tests used in this study were Minnesota Multiphatic Personality Inventory, Rorschach test and Draw-A-Person test. The subjects of this study were twelve sherpa who participated in The 82 Korean Makalu Expedition. The conclusion was dependent upon the way by which the responses of subjects were analized and interpreted as a whole and the way by which every personal test was personally interpreted. The conclusions of this study were as followed. The effect of the psychological tests appeared positively by the following particular responses. The results of MMPI were the severe increase of F scale, the moderate increase of 8,6 scales, and the mild increase of 1,5,3,4,9 scales. At the Rorschach test, lower systematic, immature and concrete cognitive operations appeared. Affect was genearally repressed, and the need system and the need control were also low. It was suggested that the content analysis might be useful to explore the different personality traits between the cultural groups since the contents of the Rorchach test conspicuosly differential. The particular drawing of DAP were interestingly impressive and revealed the differential cultural group's personality. The following tasks were proposed to be prepared for other cross-cultural study. 1. In parallel with the psychological tests, sociological study would be useful to explore the differences between cultural groups. 2. In order to valid and effective psychological test result, the standardization of tests and the performance of battery test should be satisfied. 3. Personal interview, dreams, and behavioral assessment would complement the psychological test results. 4. More appropriate cross-cultural personality tests should be developed for further cross-cultural personality studies.

The cytochrome enzyme system of hepatic microsomes is important because of its versatility, being capable of catalysing the hydroxylation as well as other modifications of variety of lipids and foreign compounds, including drugs, pesticides, carcinogens, and anesthetics. In order to elucidate the effect of various anesthetics on hepatic microsomal cytochrom P-450, b₅, and AAF hydroxylation and, on the hepatic lipid contents, inhalation anesthetics, including diethyl ether, halothane, enflurane, and intravenouse anesthetics, including ketamine, thiopental, innovar were administered to albino rats either ones or thrice with the following conclusions: 1. Various anesthetics utilized in the present investigation increase the activities of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 and b₅, with concomitant elevation of AAF hydroxylation in hepatic microsomes. 2. The aove various anesthetics increase the cholesterol and triglyceride contents of liver. 3. The above various anesthetics do not make an influence of the phospholipid content of liver. 4. Variations in the cytochromal enzyme activity of hepatic microsomes have no correlations with variations in the lipid contents of liver by the administration of various anesthetics, while correlations in the contents of hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol have statistically significant correlation with each other by the administration of them.