Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between mast cell (MC) density in rosacea-affected skin and the expression of key inflammatory mediators, including IL-6, TNF-α, and cathelicidin LL-37. By comparing lesions rich in MCs with those having fewer MCs, we sought to elucidate the role of MCs in the inflammatory mechanisms underlying rosacea pathogenesis.

Methods: Specimens were collected from 20 patients diagnosed with rosacea who attended the outpatient clinic between 2008 and 2013. Each specimen underwent staining using hematoxylin/eosin, Giemsa, IL-6, LL-37, and TNF-α for both histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. The number of stained cells was counted across 10 randomly selected dermal layers at a magnification of ×400 using light microscopy. The results were categorized based on the number of MCs counted: more than 10 MCs were classified as MC-rich, and 10 or fewer MCs as MC-poor.

Results: Among the 20 patients (10 MC-rich and 10 MC-poor), the MC-rich group demonstrated significantly higher MC counts than the MC-poor group (P<0.001). However, there were no significant differences in the expression levels of IL-6, LL-37, or TNF-α between the two groups. Additionally, MC density did not show any significant associations with patient demographics, clinical characteristics, or systemic comorbidities.

Conclusion: Increased MC density was not associated with differences in IL-6, TNF-α, or LL-37 expression in rosacea lesions. These findings suggest that MC infiltration may not directly influence the inflammatory mediator profile in rosacea. Further research is required to identify distinctive pathological features or markers that can elucidate the mechanisms of rosacea.

Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections, which are often acquired from environmental sources such as water and soil, exhibit a variety of cutaneous manifestations that frequently lead to misdiagnoses and delays in treatment. A 77-year-old woman presented with multiple skin lesions in a sporotricoid distribution on her right leg, which persisted despite standard antibiotic treatments. Based on the skin biopsy, revealing granulomatous inflammation with acid-fast bacilli, and PCR testing, a nontuberculous mycobacterial infection was diagnosed. Antimycobacterial drug combinations, including clarithromycin, isoniazid, and rifampicin for 4 months, complete the skin lesion's clearance. This case underscores the need for heightened suspicion and the use of appropriate diagnostic techniques, including tissue biopsies and molecular methods such as PCR.

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  Reactions Weekly.2024; 2014(1): 180.     CrossRef

Pancreatic panniculitis is a rare skin complication in which subcutaneous fat necrosis occurs in association with pancreatic disorders, most commonly acute or chronic pancreatitis. Erythematous subcutaneous nodules develop on the legs and spontaneously ulcerate or exude an oily substance. A 32-year-old Korean female patient presented with a 2-week-history of tender nodules with erythematous crusts on her left shin. She had a history of alcoholic liver cirrhosis and, 5 weeks earlier, had been diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. The histopathologic findings from a skin biopsy were consistent with lobular panniculitis, without signs of vasculitis, and diffuse fat necrosis. Basophilic calcium deposits were present in the dermis and subcutaneous fat. These findings were suggestive of pancreatic panniculitis. The skin lesion had a chronic course corresponding to repeated exacerbations of the patient’s pancreatitis. Thus, in the differential diagnosis of subcutaneous nodules, clinicians should consider pancreatic panniculitis as a cutaneous manifestation of pancreatic disease.

Granular cell tumor(GCT) is an uncommon tumor characterized clinically by an asymptomatic, solitary nodule in the tongue and skin, especially head and neck region. Histopathologically the broad fascicles of tumor cells infiltrate the dermis and the tumor cells are characterized by plump cells with faint eosinophilic, granular cytoplasm.

The origin of cells has been debated for decades. However electron microscopic and immunohistochemical studies strongly support a Schwann cell origin.

We report a case of granular cell tumor arising from the anterior chest of 12-year-old healthy girl, which exhibited the distinctive histopathologic appearance and also reactive with PAS, S-100, and NSE.

Granuloma annulare is a chronic, benigh, degenerative dermatosis, usually developes on the dorsum of hand or foot. A case is reported of localized granuloma annulare on the both ear helices of a 21-year-old male with no history of precipitating causes, including trauma, insect bite, diabetes mellitus, or rheumatoid arthritis. The histology was typical palisading granulomas. Auricular granuloma annulare is rare. A brief review of the pathogenesis and literature is presented.

In situ PCR was applied to the paraffin embedded tissue section of two borderline tuberculoid patients which did not show acid fast bacilli on the Fite stain. In situ PCR was performed with direct detection of Digoxigenin incorporated into PCR product. The best condition of the direct in situ PCR was pretreatment with 0.2N HCl for 40 minutes and with 10㎍/ml of proteinase K at 37℃ for 5 minutes and 30 cycles of PCR. The positive signal was observed within the cytoplasm of the most Schwann cells, epithelioid cells and a few endothelial cells.

This study was planned to help the diagnosis of borderline leprosy by application of the in situ PCR. In situ PCR was performed in the tissue from skin biopsy using the Dig DNA probe synthesis kit®(Behringer Mannheim Co) on silanized slides and Dig incorporated PCR products were visualized by alkaline phosphatase conjugated anti-Dig antibody using NBT/BCIP as substrate. In the borderline lepromatous patients homogeneous or granular strong deposits were observed mainly within the cytoplasm of the histiocytes and proliferated Schwann cells. Some secretory cells of sweat glands, erector pile muscle and a few endothelial cells were weakly stained. In the tuberculoid leprosy patients no positive signal was observed. In conclusion in situ PCR can be applied on the tissue of berderline lepromatous patients of which sample does not need proteinase K treatment.

Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn is a spontaneously regressing disorder of healthy fullterm of postterm infants, characterized by symmetric, firm, erythematous to violaceous sub-cutaneous nodules and plaques. Histopathologically, subcutaneous fat necrosis with granu-lomatous panniculitis and needle-shaped clefts in the cytoplasm of foamy and multinucleated histiocytic giant cells are diagnostic.

We report an uncomplicated case of subcutaneous fat necrosis in a 21-day-old, normally delivered male infant, which developed on the fourth day of life and spontaneously regressed in 4 months.

No abstract available in English.

We report a case of mixed connective tissue disease in a 35-year-old woman showing typicallaboratory and clinical features. Clinically she suffered from hand edema, arthritis, proximalmuscle weakness, loss of hair and Raynaud's phenomenon. FANA revealed a speckled epidermal nuclear staining pattern. Analysis of serum showed anti RNP antibody positive and antiSm antibody negative. Anti DHA antibody occurred in low titer. The patient showed a promptreponse to prednisone 0.5mg per body weight without any recurrence.

Cutaneous periarteritis nodosa is a chronic and benign vascular disease in which cutaneous lesions are perdominent without visceral involvement.

We report a case of cutaneous periarteritis nodoas in a 8-year-old boy who presinted tender plaque with hemorrhagic ulceration and telangiectatic patches on the inner side of the right thigh with no visceral involvement. Histologic examination showed panarteritis of small and medium-sized arteries at the dermal-subcutaneous junction.

The patient was treated with prednisolone and dapsone with a good clinical response.

No abstract available in English.

We present a case of lipogranulomatosis subcutanea occuring on the legs of 15-year-old female. She was seen with twelve erythematous rice to pea sized tender papules on legs. Twelve months ago, several erythematous papules appeared and disappearance and recurrence of a few lesions has repeated. Histopathologic finding of macrophage stage was shown. Treatment with isoniazid was done and recurrence does not occur until now.

We present herein a case of squamous cell carcinoma arising from leukoplakia developed in 1 51-year-old male. He has had a walnut sized whitish plaque with a central ulceration for one year. Histopathologic findings grade II of squamous cell carcinoma. Ten months after irradiation, he died.

We present herein a case of sclerosing hemangioma which developed in a 36-year-old woman. She has had a pea sized bluish black firm nodule for 1 year. Histopathological findings revealed a noncapsulated dermal infiltration of histiocytes and fibroblasts, characterized by numerous capillaries with prominent endothelial cells, and large amounts of hemosiderin.